The reds (anthocyanins), which require sunlight for production, are enhanced by cold and sunny days. The right weather during the autumn can promote more intense color production. Adequate summer rains promote good tree health, leaf retention and, therefore, color production during the autumn. The result is a reduction of color during the peak of the season. They may thus lose their leaves prematurely or start color production prematurely. Some trees produce their colors earlier than others, and the mix of species may affect the peak color production. European forests seem to lack many species that produce good color, especially the reds. In the northeast more pines and hemlocks reduce the color intensity, although the presence of some conifers provides a nice contrast to the bright colors. What Trees are Presentįew broadleaf trees, and lots of conifers, mean a primarily green display in autumn. The following factors appear to be important in the color displays. Predicting color intensity and timing may be economically interesting because the colors are a huge tourist draw, worth hundreds of millions of dollars in revenues every year. People in New England would argue that the autumn colors in their forests are the most colorful, although people in the southern Appalachians would argue otherwise. For instance, aging leaves in tropical forests generally do not change color. Although always impressive, autumn leaf colors vary from year to year, and seem to be more intense in some regions.
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